Federation+Queen+Anne+style

=Federation Queen Anne style= toc [previous page: Four Federation Housing styles Next page: Federation Filigree style]
 * See also Melbourne Queen Anne
 * See also Gothic Queen Anne style
 * See also Queen Anne or Federation Queen Anne?
 * See also Shingle styles in Australia

 Yes they are fussy buildings, but they're also great fun to see!
 * Look at the whimsy, the theatricality!
 * How many other Australian Houses give so much satisfaction to the viewer?
 * Can you see an elaborately dressed woman with a laced bonnet in her features?
 * The Queen Anne style promoted 'Sweetness and Light' and shows a feminine decorative influence, compared to the more muscular Federation Bungalow style with its solid turned verandah columns.

Derived from English and American styles that revived elements from the domestic country architecture of Queen Anne’s reign (1702-14), these picturesque Federation houses are deliberately complex, creating a kind of vigorous grandeur. > > We distinguish between > Queen Anne style houses built before Federation are well represented in Melbourne's inner suburbs, where they were built in (gold-mining) boom times of the 1870s and 1880s. (See Melbourne Queen Anne page)
 * Plans invariably have one room projected forward, (assymetrical frontage) covered with a gable,
 * often with other gabled rooms projecting sideways from the main body of the house - www.buildingcommission.com.au
 * Queen Anne, also known as Free Classical style for commercial buildings
 * American Queen Anne, and
 * **Federation Queen Anne** styles, also known as Federation Free Classical style.

English "Queen Anne" (revival) style:

 * This was an English style promoted by famous architect Richard Norman Shaw, and probably was derived from imported Dutch, Queen Anne period, and English cottage styles.
 * This style combined fine red brickwork, often in a warmer, softer finish than the Victorians were characteristically using...
 * varied with terracotta panels, or tile-hung upper stories,
 * with crisply painted white woodwork, or blond limestone detailing:
 * [|oriel windows], often stacked one above another,
 * corner towers, asymmetrical fronts and picturesque massing,
 * Flemish mannerist sunken panels of [|strapwork],
 * deeply shadowed entrances, broad porches, in a domesticated free Renaissance style

The Queen Anne (revival) style of period house lasted for the second half of the 19th century, from 1860 until 1900.
 * It has no real connection with the architecture of Queen Anne herself who reigned from 1702 to 1714,  (although her sister Mary married William of Orange, who then invaded and ascended to the throne of England, bringing with him a host of Dutch influences, including gabled architecture, and sash windows).
 * This illustration (above) shows a very Dutch gable, with other strong Dutch architectural influences outlined below.

Australian Federation Queen Anne Style
> the front of the house > designs of leadlight, tiling, and timber fretwork > and on the exterior of the house || ||  ||
 * As described by Vincent Crow, Haberfield Historian ("National Trust Heritage Festival 2013: Haberfield Garden Suburb")
 * illustrations from Roscraig, 21 Mortimer Avenue Mount Stuart, Tasmania; click a thumbnail picture to view a larger image
 * ===Roof=== || Gabled, high-pitched roof
 * made of slate or terracotta tiles.
 * surmounted by terracotta ridging with finials,
 * tall chimneys || [[image:https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-73Wj0rKoVTE/Ur43HONLbxI/AAAAAAAATTw/w2m-eOJwzLU/s128/21%20Mortimer%20Avenue%20Mount%20Stuart%20Tas%20image4.jpg link="@https://picasaweb.google.com/111063372849980216017/RoscraigHobart#5962278855774852338"]] || [[image:https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-jIw-pKiBXpQ/Ur5FDFaIfYI/AAAAAAAATWA/RBQ--kCI3Bk/s128/mortimer_0006_image8.jpg.jpg align="center" link="@https://picasaweb.google.com/111063372849980216017/RoscraigHobart#5962278875978825090"]] ||
 * ===Walls=== || Bare, tuck-pointed bricks often of two tones
 * red bricks across the facade
 * sometimes browner 'town' bricks on side walls || [[image:https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-FloKr9yI1T4/Ur43HPAH-yI/AAAAAAAATT4/WDDafHs7j18/s128/21%20Mortimer%20Avenue%20Mount%20Stuart%20Tas%20image3.jpg align="center" link="@https://picasaweb.google.com/111063372849980216017/RoscraigHobart#5962263554110782242"]] || [[image:https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-bhTBMXsE5Lo/Ur5FA5xgCVI/AAAAAAAATVI/CcoO8RLdDTQ/s128/mortimer_0000_image2.jpg.jpg align="center" link="@https://picasaweb.google.com/111063372849980216017/RoscraigHobart#5962278838495873362"]] ||
 * ===Windows=== || Double hung, or casement;
 * formal rooms have leadlight glass windows
 * bay windows to the front;
 * fanlights and transom windows of coloured glass || [[image:https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-ooA3TPPkGrw/Ur5FCDR6riI/AAAAAAAATVk/Qe5hHHjsoWw/s128/mortimer_0004_image6.jpg.jpg align="center" link="@https://picasaweb.google.com/111063372849980216017/RoscraigHobart#5962278858227625506"]] || [[image:https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-jIw-pKiBXpQ/Ur5FDFaIfYI/AAAAAAAATWA/RBQ--kCI3Bk/s128/mortimer_0006_image8.jpg.jpg align="center" link="@https://picasaweb.google.com/111063372849980216017/RoscraigHobart#5962278875978825090"]] ||
 * ===Doors=== || Doors have leadlight in upper part of door,
 * may have leadlight glass in surrounding door-set || [[image:https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-yvkTscntQAI/Ur429g3ogMI/AAAAAAAATRo/M8SlG3FErY8/s128/21%20Mortimer%20Avenue%20Mount%20Stuart%20Tas%20image10.jpg align="center" link="https://picasaweb.google.com/111063372849980216017/RoscraigHobart#5962263387108311234"]] || [[image:https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-s7SzvVSps4Y/Ur429kk2HOI/AAAAAAAATRg/GrshK67S_iQ/s128/21%20Mortimer%20Avenue%20Mount%20Stuart%20Tas%20image11.jpg align="center" link="@https://picasaweb.google.com/111063372849980216017/RoscraigHobart#5962263388103253218"]] ||
 * ===Verandah=== || Verandah across at least part of the facade (frontage)
 * Later homes often have a 'return' verandah;
 * Square or turned verandah posts with decorative timber work
 * Floor of patterned tiles || [[image:https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-FloKr9yI1T4/Ur43HPAH-yI/AAAAAAAATT4/WDDafHs7j18/s128/21%20Mortimer%20Avenue%20Mount%20Stuart%20Tas%20image3.jpg align="center" link="@https://picasaweb.google.com/111063372849980216017/RoscraigHobart#5962263554110782242"]] || [[image:https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-R1VybstqGcg/Ur43MV18ozI/AAAAAAAATUc/OL3WQjwJHQM/s128/21%20Mortimer%20Avenue%20Mount%20Stuart%20Tas%20image9.jpg align="center" link="@https://picasaweb.google.com/111063372849980216017/RoscraigHobart#5962263641846489906"]] ||
 * ===In General=== || * Usually asymmetrical design ('picturesque'),
 * Formal bedroom projects forward from house
 * The massing of the building (eg most features) toward
 * Art Nouveau influence evident in the flowing, curved
 * Nationalistic representations both within the interior

 Queen Anne style includes....  > - from [|Bricks & Brass]
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">classical but without following the rules of proportion
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">hipped roofs with steep sides (imitating English country thatched cottage roofs)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">lead or copper coated cupolas over turrets and oriels.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">ribbed chimney-stacks
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">gables, either straight or (curvy) Dutch
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">tile-hung walls, in red brick
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Dutch or Flemish door surrounds i.e. [|pilasters], half round stucco design over top
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">three-sided bay windows (rather than the second-storey oriels used in England)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">brick [|pediments] and [|pilasters]
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">white-painted woodwork
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">[|sash windows] with small panes in the upper half
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">or casement windows with leaded lights
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">fan-lights (windows above doors, including internal doors)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">brick aprons below (bay) windows
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">fretwork, verandah friezes or wrought iron work
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">decorative terracotta embe llishments with designs such as sunflowers (UK only)


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">[[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Carson_Mansion_Eureka_California.jpg/250px-Carson_Mansion_Eureka_California.jpg width="343" height="234" link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Carson_Mansion_Eureka_California.jpg"]] || <span style="color: #808080; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">[[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/WestMalingSydney0004.jpg width="352" height="236" align="right" link="@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Penshurst_Church_2.JPG"]] ||
 * The [|Carson Mansion], located in [|Eureka], [|California], is widely considered to be one of the highest executions of American Queen Anne style. || Tudor styled 'West Maling', Queen Anne Federation home, 663-665 King Georges Road Penshurst, Sydney This style was also called Tudor revival ||

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> In Australia, the Queen Anne style was absorbed into the Federation style, =<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Federation Queen Anne style = <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">
 * which was, broadly speaking, the Australian equivalent of the Edwardian style,
 * derived from the influence of [|Richard Norman Shaw], an influential British architect of the late [|Victorian era].
 * often showed tudor-style woodwork and elaborate fretwork that replaced the Victorian taste for wrought iron.
 * Verandahs were usually a feature,
 * Images of the rising sun and Australian wildlife (to replace the English use of sunflowers);
 * Circular windows, (bullseyes)
 * turrets and towers with conical or pyramid-shaped roofs." -from [|Wikipedia]

Outside
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">** steeply pitched roofs, with at least one gable end facing the street and often an octagonal turret **
 * widespread ornamentation, including terracotta ridge cappings, finials, dragons and gargoyles (more so in Victoria);
 * fretted frieze panels and post brackets, squared verandah posts,
 * chimney cornices and terracotta pots
 * leadlight windows and fretwork featuring patterns ranging from geometric to extravagant art nouveau designs - www.buildingcommission.com.au

Inside

 * ceilings often divided into panels ornamented with plaster straps and shallow patterns with (delicate) art nouveau motifs
 * frequent use of timber panelling on lower walls in front rooms
 * fire-places and ingle-nooks (seated fire surrounds). <span style="color: #808080; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 11px;">[[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Burwood_Appian_Way_6.JPG width="355" height="281" align="right" caption="Elaborate Gothic Queen Anne designed 'Vallambrosa' 19 Appian Way, Burwood, Sydney" link="federation-house/Appian Way, Burwood"]]
 * Walls with picturerails and sometimes wall-paper, using art nouveau patterns
 * pressed metal or painted plaster - www.buildingcommission.com.au

Distinctive Features:

 * 1) Front verandas with elaborate timber decoration
 * 2) Bay windows using quadruple casements,
 * 3) Tiling on the patio floor and entry paths
 * 4) Brickwork in a deep red or dark brown, often with a mix of the two
 * 5) Roofs of typically slate or terracotta tiles with decorative gables,
 * 6) Roofs have timber features, motifs, tall chimneys and [|fretwork]
 * 7) 'Witches Hat' roofing
 * 8) Decorative leadlight windows
 * 9) Circular windows (known as bulls-eye windows)

Internally
<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> The style as it developed in Australia was highly eclectic, blending Queen Anne elements with various Australian influences.
 * 1) Plasterwork,
 * 2) High ceilings
 * 3) Timber features.
 * <span style="color: #808080; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 11px;"> [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Urrbrae_House.JPG/250px-Urrbrae_House.JPG width="250" height="188" align="right" caption="Urrbrae House, Urrbrae, " link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Urrbrae_House.JPG"]] Old English characteristics like ribbed chimneys and gabled roofs were combined with Australian elements like encircling verandahs, designed to keep the sun out.
 * One outstanding example of this eclectic approach is [|Urrbrae House], in the [|Adelaide] suburb of [|Urrbrae, South Australia], part of the Waite Institute. See also Urrbrae House, Glen Osmond
 * Another variation with connections to the Federation Queen Anne style was the Federation Bungalow, featuring prominent verandahs. This style generally incorporated familiar Queen Anne elements, but usually in simplified form.

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Some prominent examples are:
> >
 * **West Maling**, corner of Penshurst Avenue and King Georges Road, [|Penshurst], Sydney
 * **in Haberfield,** a suburb of Sydney, which showcases about 750 architect-designed Federation homes, all different, now heritage protected - @http://www.dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/haberfield - see the work of Vincent Crow
 * **Homes**, in Appian Way, [|Burwood], Sydney
 * [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Burwood_Appian_Way_1.JPG/120px-Burwood_Appian_Way_1.JPG caption="'Colonna' 304 Burwood Road" link="@http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Burwood_Appian_Way_1.JPG"]] || [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Burwood_Appian_Way_2.JPG/120px-Burwood_Appian_Way_2.JPG caption="'Olevanus' 6 Appian Way" link="@http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Burwood_Appian_Way_2.JPG"]] || [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Burwood_Appian_Way_4.JPG/120px-Burwood_Appian_Way_4.JPG caption="'Amalfi' 2 Appian Way" link="@http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Burwood_Appian_Way_4.JPG"]] || [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Burwood_Appian_Way_6.JPG/120px-Burwood_Appian_Way_6.JPG caption="'Vallambrosa' 19 Appian Way" link="@http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%27Vallambrosa%27_19_Appian_Way_3.jpg"]] || [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Burwood_Appian_Way_11.JPG/120px-Burwood_Appian_Way_11.JPG caption="'Mevania' 7 Appian Way" link="@http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Burwood_Appian_Way_11.JPG"]] ||
 * **Caerleon**, 15 Ginahgulla Road, [|Bellevue Hill] Sydney (sold for $22 million in January 2008)
 * **Amesbury**, 78 Alt Street, Ashfield

Caerleon, Bellevue Hill
<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Caerleon is a two-storey [|Queen Anne] home built in 1885 in Bellevue Hill, Sydney NSW. The house, was designed for a member of the Fairfax family, Charles B.Fairfax. The architectural design was English. <span style="color: #808080; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 11px;"> <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> This house represents a rich example of Queen Anne elements:
 * red brick walls with stone dressing, [|terracota][|shingles],
 * [|balconies], [|bay windows], [|verandahs],
 * [|leadlight] windows and elaborate [|chimneys].
 * It is said to have been the first Queen Anne home in Australia and
 * set the tone for the Federation Queen Anne homes that were to become so popular (i.e. no Gothic influence)
 * It was sold for $22 million in January, 2008.

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Earliest Queen Anne in Australia:
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> These houses, although built around the same time, had distinct styles: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> The Queen Anne style soon became increasingly popular, appealing predominantly to reasonably well-off people with an "Establishment" leaning.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Caerleon, Bellevue Hill, NSW 1885
 * Queens Bess Row - East Melbourne 1886
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">West Maling, in the suburb of [|Penshurst, New South Wales], 1888
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Amesbury, in the suburb of [|Ashfield, New South Wales], 1888
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">Camelot at Camden (now Narellen) 1888
 * Illawarra - Toorak Vic, 1889
 * North Park Mansion - Essendon Vic, 1889
 * The Towers - Kew, Vic 1890
 * Bundoora Homestead, Vic 1890
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Carrum Carrum, 17 Mary Street LONGUEVILLE NSW <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 1.5;">c1890,
 * Uxbridge House - Hawthorn Vic, 1890
 * Urrbrae house, Glen Osmond S.A. 1891
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> Melbourne Houses show Gothic influences
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> West Maling displaying a strong Tudor influence that was not present in Annesbury.



Mosman Heritage Federation Queen Anne
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<span style="color: #808080; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"> Next page: Federation Filigree style